Dangers of Extreme Heat

Extreme heat is more than uncomfortable; it can be life-threatening. When temperatures and humidity rise, your body works harder to cool down. Sweating helps, but it also causes fluid and salt loss. Without adequate cooling or hydration, heat stress can quickly turn into heat exhaustion or a life-threatening emergency known as heat stroke.

Dehydration often begins with increased thirst, dry mouth, fatigue, dizziness, headache, dark urine, or decreased urination. Heat exhaustion may include heavy sweating, weakness, nausea, muscle cramps, cool or clammy skin, and fainting. Heat stroke is more serious. Warning signs can include confusion, slurred speech, loss of consciousness, seizures, very high body temperature, or damp skin. If heat stroke is suspected, call 911 immediately and move the person to a cooler place until help arrives.

Prevention begins before you feel sick. Drink water throughout the day, especially when outdoors, working, or exercising. Do not wait until you are thirsty. Limit alcohol, caffeine, and sugary drinks, which can make dehydration worse. Take breaks in the shade or air conditioning, wear lightweight and light-colored clothing, and schedule strenuous activities for the morning or evening when possible.

Extreme heat affects everyone, but older adults, young children, people with chronic health conditions, outdoor workers, athletes, pregnant women, and pets may be at higher risk. Check on neighbors, family, and friends when temperatures are extreme. Never leave children or pets in parked vehicles, even for a few minutes.

When temperatures are high, stay cool and hydrated. Pay attention to warning signs. Early intervention can prevent a heat-related illness from becoming a medical emergency.

Here’s to Your Health!